Friday, August 28, 2020

What would you do if you knew someone was not inspecting an aircraft Essay

What might you do in the event that you realized somebody was not reviewing an airplane appropriately (a repairman or pilot) How might you handle it as a chief What about as a colleague - Essay Example I will ensure that this issue doesn't stay quelled however gets however much consideration with respect to the higher specialists as could reasonably be expected (Tsang 2003). This is a significant thing and one ought to be careful to report such fundamental missteps that the mechanics and pilots submit on and off. As an associate, I would likewise do something very similar. I would address the technician or the pilot later yet before that report a similar inconsistency to the higher specialists since it is my moral duty and I should ensure that I come equivalent to it regardless of how troublesome or arduous the conditions and circumstances end up being. Basically, my emphasis would be on keeping up close binds with my seniors so no issues creep up at a later stage. These mix-ups can cause deadly airplane issues and in this manner legitimate consideration and consideration must be paid in advance to stay away from any such errors and

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Key Historical Landmarks in Social Welfare Essay Example

Key Historical Landmarks in Social Welfare Essay Social Policy Presentation Social Policy is an instructive theme worried about the exercises of cultural exercises and the open help status. The Department of Social Policy at the London School of Economics names cultural strategy as an interdisciplinary and pragmatic point worried about the examination of social orders responses to cultural interest. It scan for Foster in its students an inclination to get theory and relevant proof stressed from a wide arrangement of cultural logical control statutes, including humanism, monetary sciences, geographics, mental science, law, history, political logical order and teaching. The name Social policy’ is utilized to relate on the approaches which authoritiess use for cultural open help and cultural security, on the strategies where cultural advantage is created in the general public and on the instructive review of the point. It other than represents a progression of issues expand far away from the processs of government-the organizations by which open help is energized, and the cultural and monetary condition of affairss which layout the broadening of open help. The rule nations of cultural approach are given beneath, Social administrations, cultural security, network consideration, guidance ; Social issues which incorporates offense, disablement, mature age ; Race, sexual orientation, need are other than included. We will compose a custom paper test on Key Historical Landmarks in Social Welfare explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom paper test on Key Historical Landmarks in Social Welfare explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom paper test on Key Historical Landmarks in Social Welfare explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer Errand 1 1.1 Significant authentic and cutting edge tourist spots in cultural strategy and examination the recorded land Markss of cultural and open help Arrangements of verifiable and current tourist spots clarify that how the characteristics of life for the administration clients have improved additional time: Distinguish cardinal recorded tourist spots in cultural open help that is focusing on the period up to 1945: The enter purpose of verifiable tourist spots in cultural open help concentrating 1945 period were: In 19Thursdaycentury it was the guide of confidence, the deliberate segment of open help and in mid 20Thursdaycentury Liberalism and the establishments of British Welfare, votes in favor of grown-up females. Investigation the recorded tourist spots in cultural open help arrangements for a period up to 1945 are given underneath: 1901 Seebohm Rowntree was first learnt of need in York, Poverty: a study of town life. 1903 Charles Booth was found out of destitution in London, Life and Labor of the People of London ( 1906 1912 ) THE New LIBERALISM: To do individuals wide in their help accepted by Lloyd George. ( 1913 - 1941 ) CHANGE AND DEVELOPMENT: It mainly fixates on covering with employments autonomously. 1940 Old Age and Widows’ Pensions Act: annuity age for grown-up females diminished from 65 to 60. ( 1942 - 1945 ) TOWARDS ABEVERIDGE’ WELFARE STATE: Contribute of advantage of individuals. This program is likely genuine and hazardous degree for lower-paid laborer. Blueprint progression of health and cultural consideration approaches following World War 2 until 1979: This is the clasp sooner or later in the war when the specialists got gave to full work through the Keynesian Policies, free overall auxiliary guidance, and the presentation of optional installment. 1946 National Insurance Act: Have level rate NI benefits. Given a wide arrangement of joblessness, disease, pregnancy and annuity benefits financed the by manager and worker, along with the specialists removal. 1965 Poverty Rediscovered’ : The Poor and the Poorest, Peter Townsend Brian and Abel-Smith. 1972 Heath Government offers for a duty credit proposition. Expense credits become customary arrangement. First national recommendations of lease discount and higher installment are talked in that period. 1975 Social Security Pensions Act: State Earnings-Related Pensions ( SERPS ) . Profit related national protection commitments presented at 5.75 % . ( 1977-79 ) without tax youngster advantage partition in, exchanging nonexempt family unit installment and kid income improvement installment. Blueprint health and cultural consideration arrangements from 1979 to the current twenty-four hours: ( 1979-90 ) TOWARDS A RESIDUAL WELFARE STATE: It was accepted by Margaret Thatcher that We offered a total adjustment in direction’ . 1988 Tax and advantage cuts. Pinnacle pace of pay income upgrade downs from 60 % to 40 % . Common pace of salary income upgrade downs from 27 % to 25 % . ( 1991-1996 ) CUTS AND TINKERING: Peter Lilley accepted, the adjustments he has reported today will help switch the equalization back to an advantage framework that does non recognize against wedded pairs, and which expects to chop down advantage trust by helping individuals into work. ( 1997-2008 ) NEW Labor: Tony Blair accepted that in future, open help will be a manus over non a hand-out. At present, approaches decrease advantage reliance by working individuals into work. New Labor and cultural extra, significant resolution law and wellbeing and cultural consideration plans start to assume control over the general public with which we live in. Government assistance administrations comprise of cultural wellbeing, which makes various conditions against upset of overall gains because of disease, sore, mature age or even joblessness. They take the signifiers of joblessness and sickness benefits, family unit installments each piece great as pay builds that is being given and financed through the protection procedures of the specialists. During 1945, the specialists was faithful to full work through the Keynesian Policies, and set up free overall optional mentoring and the presentation of auxiliary installment. Family installments, a National Health Service and full work were the main considerations during that point in cut. Numerous strategies gave a wide arrangement of joblessness, unwellness, pregnancy and benefits wage supported the by manager and representative, proportionally with the specialists. Another of import trademark that should be cautious for the cultural and wellbeing open help with the UK is the cultural home hypothetical record. The issues refering the cultural home hypothetical record was non a preliminary in the standpoint of the outgrowth of thetraditional Party pioneer in 1975 and the Prime Minister in 1979.After 1975 the specialists truly guaranteed low income improvements, less area commitment, a similar each piece great as lower degrees of open outgo. In the speculation it included, basic cuts in the open help outgo. Be that as it may, at current situation, arrangements decline total compensation trust by helping individuals into occupation new work and cultural extra, of import resolution law and wellbeing and cultural consideration recommendations begin to assume control over the general public with which we live in. 1.2 Changes in ideological assault since 1945 have affected on advanced cultural strategies It compacts with guide of confidence, the picked division in open help. Other than smaller with free overall auxiliary mentoring. Ailment was a head reason for poverty and the Pathetic Law frameworks started to create sickbays’ for wiped out individuals. It other than compacts with strategies sing open help place. Drink study depends on three explanations: family unit installments, health administration and involved business. Besides this, it was during this clasp the Insurance, Pensions, Tax glorifications, Family Income supplement and so forth was set increased as repayment to the customary individuals. It manages new work and cultural extra, of import resolution law and wellbeing and cultural consideration procedures, new benefits and Thatcherism. Other than the facilities done by Peter Lilley declared that presents will help venture to every part of the parity back to a bit of leeway framework which intends to reduce total compensation reliance by helping individuals into business. Assignment 2 2.1 recognize and investigate the methods engaged with improvement of a cardinal Act of Parliament An Act of Parliament makes another statute or alters a bing law. Other than acts will be Acts of Parliament which have been given by Royal Assent. All Acts of Parliament get down life as a Bill which needs to obtain in front through Parliament. These must be imperative from Private Members’ Bills which are Public Bills arranged by backbench MPs. Open Bills make from a figure of various establishments. It might get down from specialists, common assistance, specialists departments, ideological groups, commissions, questions, administrative method and contention. The Government makes an assurance whether or non to consent to these offers and put them before Parliament. When an area has concluded that it needs to ask Parliament to go by rule law on a specific subject, it will set about a crowd technique with pulled in parties. The size of this methodology will vary contingent upon the difficulty, impact and need of the undertaking. It could take numerous months or few yearss. The main stage is all the time a meeting papers called a Green Paper which places out in wide-extending footings what the Government is searching for to make and request positions. Once these are taken and full history of ( or non ) the Government will do a White Paper, which places out the offers decided upon and the inspirations for the rule law. In footings of Health A ; Social segment, wellbeing arrangement is a fit class of activity ( or in-activity ) acknowledged by authoritiess or wellbeing consideration relationship to determine a desired wellbeing outcome. The all in all wellbeing consideration framework, along with the masses and private parts, and the political powers that encroach on that syste

Friday, August 21, 2020

Background To Articulation In The Performance Practice Of Bach' Era Essay

Foundation To Articulation In The Performance Practice Of Bach' Era - Essay Example D. The 'cantabile' style; Bach's temptation, nearly determination, on showing up at a 'cantabile' way of playing of the gathered works both striking and basic for demonstrating how Bach himself wanted these pieces to be acknowledged auditorily. In glow of the genuine troubles confronting musicologists utilizing complex assessment of old music (rather than extremely fruitful auxiliary examination), it bodes well to re-guarantee the expression style to give to the way in which works are acknowledged by the artist in execution and to combine it with a stylish thought for what might be named elaborately educated execution practice. All things considered talking, beside JS Bach's console pieces in the French style, his targets for the sound-related acknowledgment of his mid-period takes a shot at stringed clavichord instruments were probably going to be in the cleaned, cosmopolitan (Italian) cantabile style of the time, a style which is well unsurprising and instructed by the music aesthe tician J.J. Quantz in his treatise on playing the flute. E. Talk and the connection among author and entertainer; talk was a basic material of training and humanist and viewed as the main method for showing articulations and linguistic both. There were periods in the occasions passed by of music in which the expository norm, as communicated by Bach, had an exhaustive meaning as far as music and all the more critically for instrumental music; a reality notable to musicologists nowadays by method for the hypothetical essential sources accessible. Then again, cutting edge professionals, especially instrumentalists, are not completely mindful of the extensive gravity of the logical rule and its accommodation to a significant piece of the collection. The connection among discourse and music, just as talk and music unmistakably delineates that both come to fruition after some time and are gotten by the ear. This infers a further shared characteristic among discourse and music: both comprise of ceaseless modifications of their components (pitch a nd articulation, individually), which are grammatically sorted out. In different articulations, both are frameworks base on images that even offer regular optional semantic substance: reiteration, highlight, caesura, verbalization, extend, differentiate, expansion, elements, mood, and not in conclusion the reliance on introduction. F. Figurae; Pritz characterized two sorts of figurae that can be utilized by the artists or possibly they ought to know about that; he characterizes two kinds of Figurae; one is Simple and other one is compound. Marpurg characterizes the significance of figurae in such a way, that they ought to be the piece of a talk music. G. Of schedule, the isolating line between the two camps is somewhat hazy, since numerous grave artists put a great deal of thought into how they play, and regularly inquire about the sequential foundation and practices of the works they perform. What's more, researchers ask about more than simple hypothetical rightness in exhibitions. H. This line has gotten prevalently hazy with the development of the Early Music development, which Modern entertainers eye with underground enthusiasm, second thought, and even a little

Tuesday, May 26, 2020

The Pitfall of Environmental Issue Essay Topics

The Pitfall of Environmental Issue Essay Topics Environmental Issue Essay Topics for Dummies TV news program weather forecasts aren't accurate in any respect. Environment is what's around something. Some people today think that universities should require every student to have a wide variety of courses beyond the student's field of study. Students lead busy lives and frequently forget about a coming deadline. They should always question what they are taught instead of accepting it passively. College students should base their selection of an area of study on the access to work in that area. The Hidden Secret of Environmental Issue Essay Topics The Course Final Report is a project at which you will get a chance to concentrate on a place of interest to you. Share the details Tell us when you want to get the paper than whenever your professor needs it. Reading top college essay examples is a significant way for students to understand how to. Even in the event the deadline is truly tight, feel free to get hold of our managers. Whenever your deadline is tight, you will likely write us nervously write my essay and think we'll see what you need from 1 sentence. Environmental Issue Essay Topics - the Conspiracy You can get in touch with your writer through our support department should you need to specify some vital points to create your work more customized. Also though it's a great deal more difficult you may consider the ways humanity can really help its home world. Today, people are beginning to develop into active participants in the struggle against global issues and as a consequence, progress is being made. At times, you might also be happy to do the job, you have the wisdom and the skills, but you do not have enough time. What Is So Fascinating About Environmental Issue Essay Topics? When you compose an essay on the health of the planet, your task is to tackle a particular environmental issue without going in to a comprehensive study. Do not be hesitant to request a form of paper you don't see in our list. If you still don't understand what essay topics to write about, take a look at this thought-provoking list there are lots of suggestions to consider and choose. There are a lot of impressive environment related topics that you may use for your submission. You cooperate with seasoned pollution essay professionals that are eager to aid you in your studies! It is crucial to make useful strategies like that of given in the essay to create a permanent remedy to decrease the degree of environmental pollution on the other side of the world to breath fresh air There are several newbie graduates who cannot compose their essay in time which is why environmental pollution essay writing help is given to them. Many aspects of the way the environment works continue to be subject of research. You will pick an environmental issue to investigate and compose a research essay on it. Do not allow the interesting environmental science topics sound boring when you are able to ask for a couple necessary changes that are offered at no cost. If you've used some stats, don't forget to provide the reference in your paper. The content can be gotten by evaluating what you already know about the topic. You obtain an environmental science study material on the site at no cost. The Most Popular Environmental Issue Essay Topics Blast Fishing Blast fishing is a technique of fishing in which explosives are accustomed to efficiently collect a massive quantity of fish. Research blast fishing to establish why it's used over other fishing strategies, and write about the consequences of blast fishing on marine ecosystems. Water pollution is going to be the world's biggest problem within the next decades. It is not a secret that it is one of the major environmental concerns today. The world is beneath the wraths of a widespread evil referred to as air pollution. Recently, individuals are cutting an increasing number of number of trees, with the goal of fulfilling the requirements of the population like shelter, food and clothing. International climate change isn't only due to humans. The ideal way to fix environmental problems brought on by consumer-generated waste is for towns and cities to impose strict limits on the quantity of trash they'll accept from every household. The Hidden Gem of Environmental Issue Essay Topics In the event you do not understand how to format the paper, it is going to appear haphazard. The essay may also describe the root of the pollution troubles. It is possible to always opt for another topic linked to environmental issues and their effects on the planet. A number of the worldwide concerns are so large they seem insurmountable.

Friday, May 15, 2020

Cold War in 1980s - 3505 Words

The Cold War in 1980s – The Prone Seigneur Between the Two Superpowers Since Cold War began at the end of World War in the late 1940s, the two superpowers, the United States and the Soviet Union, were racing their power to get their dominance over another. Each side feared the other’s superior weapons, such as the United States had nuclear weapon and the USSR had their mighty Red Army. The Cold War spread through decades and seemed to be indefinite. Two superpowers with the race of weapon not only weakened their economy but also threaten each other with their massive arsenals. Two sides negotiated to reduce half the numbers of nuclear weapon on each side as they worried that if the war started, it would be the third World War, and the†¦show more content†¦During a heated debate in policy for two of his presidency , Reagan announced research program on Strategic Defense Initiative ( SDI ) â€Å"to find the advanced technologies such as lasers and missile warhea ds, high-energy defense against intercontinental ballistic missile sites† (â€Å"The Strategic† 32). Reagan’s idea, at that time, was to intercept and destroy the incoming ballistic missiles far away from his country. Although many scientists have expressed doubts about the feasibility of SDI technology and the economy have shown the enormous costs , but the government continues to implement this project . The Strategic Defense Initiative was eventually abandoned, and after a few years, it was nothing but a short chapter in history books. The program was hopefully a new revolution in defense system which was told to be impenetrable. But under the political pressure, the Strategic Defense Initiative was slated for failure. The Strategic Defense Initiative was not solely a failure, it had an important meaning of Reagan. Reagan was feared that the US actually could not protect their soil from aggressive weapon which the two superpowers were racing for so many years . Reagan knew the USSR feared the same threat. The Strategic Defense Initiative made the SovietShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Cold War from 1950-19801739 Words   |  7 PagesThe Cold War from 1950-1980 The period of 1950 to 1980 saw the Cold War spread from the traditional playing field of Europe to other parts of the world. However it is quite clear that the USA and the Soviet Union played only a marginal role in originating these conflicts-at the most setting up the basic framework for it to occur. Furthermore, when they did get involved they each did so to varying degrees. The USA seemed to be much more motivated and interestedRead More1980s Political Culture: The Cold War and Mutual Assured Destruction1002 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿1980s Political Culture: The Cold War and Mutual Assured Destruction (MAD) 1980s Political Culture Figure 1. Nena, 99 Luftballons (1983) / 99 Red Balloons (1984) A dance-rock protest song from West Germany, during the Cold War partition of Germany. The song describes a nuclear war starting because of misinterpreted signals from a bunch of balloons. Audio available at: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UEWHItzvQHk Lyrics: You and I in a little toy shop Buy a bag of balloons with theRead MoreThe Cold War Between America And The Soviet Union Between 1945 And 19801070 Words   |  5 Pagesown interests. A typical case of study is the Cold War. From my understanding, the Cold War describes the relationship between America and the Soviet Union between 1945 and 1980. During this period, neither sides ever fought each other directly, but indirectly they influenced other countries through their ideologies (i.e. America’s democracy and Russia’s communism) to war. For example, America supplied weapons to South Vietnam (anti-communist) to war with North Vietnam (pro-communist), who were alsoRead MoreTo What Extent Were the Moscow Olympic Games of 1980 Affected by Cold War Tensions?1624 Words   |  7 Pagesinvestigation The purpose of this study is to analyze extensively the role that Cold War tensions played in the 1980 Moscow Olympic Games. The analysis seeks to understand the effect that politics, have on the organization, implementation and eventually success of sporting events such as the Olympics. In order to do so, the analysis will address the events leading up to, during and after the Moscow Olympic Games of 1980. The Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979 will be addressed to help place theRead MoreChanges That Shaped American Politics in the 70’s and 80’s765 Words   |  4 Pagesindividuals in the United States, the late 1970s were a troubled and disturbing time. The Watergate scandal, the Vietnam War, ambiguity in the Middle East and the economic crisis in the Nation had weakened the confidence of Americans in their government and in their fellow residents as well. Many Americans supported a new conservatism in social, economic and political life during the 1980s, disting uished by policies of President Ronald Reagan. Politically, the United States experienced numerous changesRead MorePolitics During The 1980 S1383 Words   |  6 Pages Politics in the U.S. during the 1980’s were exciting. Much like everything else during this decade, politics were changing and making a new way for economic development and social construct. Policy in the 1980’s were both huge on foreign policy, and domestic development. The cold war, being the main concern with foreign policy, consisted of Communism versus Democracy, or Socialism versus Capitalism. President Reagan being the face of America and our Commander and Chief, created â€Å"Reaganomics,† whichRead MoreThe 1980 Miracle on Ice1308 Words   |  6 Pageshockey history came thirty-four years ago with the 1980 Miracle on Ice. The Americans defeating the dominant Soviet team at the Olympics was not only an important triumph for USA Hockey, but for the entire nation. Contrary to popular belie f, the underdog win was not only the result of a miracle; it was also the result of a hard-working team led by Coach Herb Brooks. With increasingly negative views on the position of the United States in the Cold War, the Miracle on Ice and the gold medal win liftedRead MoreOlympics And The Cold War1657 Words   |  7 PagesJulia Zucker Mr. Pai US History 13 May 2015 1980 Olympics and the Cold War The 1980 Olympics became a predominant point of contention in the on-going Cold War between the two superpowers; the United States and the Soviet Union. Jimmy Carter, the President of the United States, and Leonid Brezhev, head of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union were at odds and combative towards each other’s political demands. Both leaders were relentless in their pursuit of internal strategic bureaucraticRead MoreThe Cold War And The Soviet Union Hockey1111 Words   |  5 PagesAmerican Sportscaster, Al Michaels, asked America as the last seconds ticked away in the 1980 Soviet-American Olympic hockey game. The Soviet Union hockey team had dominated the hockey world consistently for the previous decade. This era of Soviet hockey superiority came to an end as the underdog American team routed the Soviets 4-3, moving to the next round of competition with a chance to win the gold medal in the 1980 Olympic Winter Games in Lake Placid, New York. The game symbolized confr ontation betweenRead MoreRonald Reagan Prolonged The Cold War Essay1539 Words   |  7 Pagesfactor which played a part in ending the Cold War was the internal unrest of the Soviet Union. Also the ever changing system we know now as International Relations had a role in the conclusion of this time period. I will additionally argue the antithesis of the question and explain how Ronald Reagan prolonged the Cold War. Response: During the Second World War, USA and the Soviet Union came together against a common enemy. It was the immediate events after the War which lead to renewed tensions between

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Crisis Counseling Research Paper - 1237 Words

Assessing Potential for Performing Effective Crisis Counseling This paper evaluates my potential for crisis intervention counseling by applying scholarly peer-reviewed articles and information from James and Gilliland’s (2017) textbook for how burnout, Vicarious Traumatization, and Compassion Fatigue affect crisis workers. It also incorporates considerations for how countertransference, Secondary Traumatic Stress, Vicarious Posttraumatic Growth, and compassion satisfaction may either complicate or enhance effectiveness. The conclusion suggests mitigating factors for concerns which could impede effectiveness matched to my needs. The following definitions apply within the assessment: †¢ Burnout involves environmental and organizational†¦show more content†¦In effect, the cognitive changes for the counselor may result in positive changes. †¢ Secondary Traumatic Stress (STS), similar to VT, is â€Å"the natural, consequent behaviors and emotions resulting from knowledge about a traumatizing event experienced by a significant other† (Bercier Maynard, n.d., p. 81); with PTSD characteristics as opposed to cognitive ones (Turgoose Maddox, 2017). †¢ Countertransference comprises â€Å"the attributing to the client, by the crisis worker, of traits and behaviors of past and present significant others or events in the crisis workers own life† (James Gilliland, 2017, p. 554); differentiated as a temporary action related to working with a specific client as opposed to the potential long-term psychological changes in counselors from CF, VT, and/or STS. Qualities/Characteristics and Experiences Potentially Affecting Me My drive and passion for becoming a counselor comes from desire to build a legacy for helping others by applying my empathic and caring nature developed as a manager-coach throughout my career. Events, some traumatic, formed a cognitive understanding for dealing with situations and growing professionally and personally. As a hiring manager for over 20 years and a small business and career coach for over 7 years, I experienced immense compassion satisfaction from working with hundreds of employees and clients. Upon retirement, I furthered myShow MoreRelatedLegal Ethical Issues with Advertising and Online Counseling1385 Words   |  6 Pagesthe field of counseling, phones, fax machines, copiers, and computers are all used to run everyday operations and transfer information. Despite how great technology can be, ethical issues can arise because of it. For example, talking on the phone with a client in a crisis situation can create a condition in which confidentiality can be breeched. ( McMinn, 1999). One new way in which technology has been used to extend the services of the counseling field is through online counseling. According toRead MoreDoes Counseling Overlook Glbt Students Needs? Essay1742 Words   |  7 PagesDoes Counseling Overlook GLBT Students’ Needs? Ryan M. Bruce Research Methods in Public Administration PADM 6130 – 95 Kyujin Jung â€Æ' Does Counseling Overlook GLBT Students’ Needs? This paper offers a research proposal to deal with the topic of counseling homosexual students. Gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgender individuals (GLBT) attended school at some point in their lives. Its main concern is how school counselors approach the needs of these students. This paper seeks to establish if counselorsRead MoreUsing the Triage Assessment Essay1210 Words   |  5 Pages  COUN5238 – Crisis Assessment and Intervention 15879 Willoughby Lane Ft. Myers, FL 33905 239-694-4205 Tlane12@capellauniversity.edu Professor: Dr. Jamison Law Abstract This paper will discuss the case of Ariadne; it will summarize the diagnostic skills and techniques used to screen for addiction, aggression, and danger to self and others, as well as co-occurring mental disorders during a crisis, disaster, or other trauma-causing event. It will evaluate the key elements of the crisis, disasterRead MoreOnline Therapy Paper1368 Words   |  6 PagesOnline Therapy Paper Keisha Lucas BSHS/352 April 8, 2013 Professor Kari Siemieniewski Online Therapy Paper Online Therapy is a service that helps people to obtain therapeutic services through an online database that is ran by a therapist or a group of therapists, who are in charge of the website. Therapeutic websites are very helpful for someone who isn’t able to get to an office setting to have face-to-face sessions. They are extremely convenient because one can have counseling sessions inRead MoreA Brief Note On Counseling And Family Counseling1271 Words   |  6 PagesCounseling Specialty Marriage and Family Counseling Focusing on Minuchin s Structural Family Therapy Bridget G. Cleveland The University of Memphis Authors Note: This paper was prepared for the introduction course 4611: Counseling, taught by Instructor Hatcher. Minuchin’s Structural Family Therapy of Marriage and Family According to Nugent and Jones (2009), Marriage and family counseling began between the 1940 s and 1950 s, but officially became a profession in the late 1970’s andRead MoreBenefits Of Using Taking Care Of The Self Or Self Sufficiencies Approaches That Encourage Therapist Physical And Psychological Wellbeing1573 Words   |  7 PagesPersonal Assessment Paper The Bradley, Whisenhunt, Adamson, and Kress, (2013) study suggest that utilizing taking care of the self or self-sufficiencies approaches that encourage therapist physical and psychological wellbeing and averts burnout and damage. When therapists are compromised, they have a weaker capability to deliver the proper attention to their patients (Bradley et al, 2013). Therapists perform at their best when their mental and physical health is met; furthermore, they are capableRead MoreThe Scope Of Competency For Counseling Psychologists1131 Words   |  5 PagesAbstract This paper explores the difference between the scope of practice and the scope of competency of psychology subfields. This paper also elaborates on examples of professional fields in relation to scope of practice and scope of competency. Included research helps identify and elaborate more specifically on counseling psychologists and how the code of ethics is applied. The scope of practice for counseling psychologists includes helping individuals explore and recognize his/her strengths andRead MoreCrisis Intervention Essay1506 Words   |  7 PagesCrisis intervention is emergency first aid for mental health (Ehly, 1986). In this paper, I intend to show you a brief overview of what crisis intervention is, describe what school psychologists do and summarize the steps they may use to identify, assess, and intervene with an individual experiencing crisis. What is crisis intervention? Crisis intervention involves three components: 1) the crisis, the perception of an unmanageable situation; 2) the individual or group in crisis; and 3) the helperRead MoreCounseling: Mental Health Counselor1320 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿U03A1_ COUNSELING SPECIALIZATIONS AND MULTIDISCIPLINARY TEAMS_ARezendes Resilience, an Evolving Concept: A Review of Literature Relevant to Aboriginal Research Resilience, an Evolving Concept: A Review of Literature Relevant to Aboriginal Research Abstract In this paper, I will discuss the history of counseling; specifically how school counseling and mental health counseling came to be. I will also examine the key philosophies of the counseling profession including, wellness, resilience, andRead MoreExploring A Specific Crisis Situations1282 Words   |  6 Pages Exploring a Specific Crisis Situations The Story of Melody Shandi Gerkin Thomas University Exploring a Specific Crisis Situation: The Story of Melody In order to explore how a crisis worker would approach, assess, and treat a crisis situation, this paper will focus on the story of Melody, the victim of a brutal rape. Melody Swanson is a 50 year old, divorced teacher who has been living alone since her children went to college two months ago. Melody

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Free sample Report of Brand Audit of Lego

Question: Discuss about the Brand Audit of LEGO. Answer: Introduction The tendency that exists in consumer behaviour today has given the organisations a wake-up call as they can improve their business if they understand the consumer behaviour in a proper way (Solomon, 2006). This is vital when associated with the understanding as well as development of the brand identities. The customers of today expect more from the brands and do not get satisfied with the standard products that fulfil their basic necessities. If a particular brand is not able to offer the customers with something special they might switch over to the competitors. The brands that evolve as the strongest ones are those that keep their promises. Branding that is good results in sincerity while collapse results if the company does not make use of the principles of branding (Nicholas, 2003). The aim of this report is to investigate the perceptions of the consumers with respect to the brand LEGO by carrying out a brand exploratory and determining the brands competitive positioning as well as conducting an in-depth SWOT Analysis and finally provide recommendations on the basis of those findings. The report will be linking the theoretical concepts with the practical findings while conducting the brand audit of LEGO. Brand Exploratory The perceived brand globalness of a brand has an influence on the brand association by means of brand awareness. The degree of sensitivity of the consumers worldwide to the global brands and their preference for global brands can be understood by the marketing managers so that they can formulate strategies for strengthening the brand associations of the consumers (Baek et al., 2010). Consumer Awareness Each year thousands of the top brands in the world are put to test by Brand Finance, a leading consultancy for brand valuation and strategy for determining the brands which have proved to be the most powerful as well as the most valuable to the customers. In 2015, LEGO scored high on several measures and was ranked as the worlds most powerful brand (Dill, 2015). A powerful brand is described as a brand demonstrating profound influence on the its target audience, competitors, market as well as the whole consumerism. A brand is made powerful by the contributions of awareness that the brand has among the consumers, loyalty of the clients, industry reputation and satisfaction levels of the employees (Brand Finance, 2016). The consumer awareness of LEGO is high. The consumers consider it to be a toy that is immersive and uniquely creative, children like the abilities of constructing their own colourful worlds that are provided by LEGO. In a world which is increasingly becoming saturated by technology, the back-to-basics creativity that LEGO provides is encouraged by the consumers mostly the parents. Thus, it has an appeal that is cross-generational. The critical as well as the commercial success of the LEGO movie helped in propelling LEGO from being a brad that is well-loved to being the most powerful lone in the world (Blindell, 2015). Consumer awareness has been created by LEGO by making use of packaging, traditional advertising for their target market mostly consisting of young boys and by creation of website pages that are highly engaging with marketplaces and games. It also started marketing to young girls and adult fans (Kolowich, 2015). Brand Associations Brand associations play a significant role in the purchase decisions of the consumers. They form the brand loyaltys foundation and assist the consumers in both searching as well as dealing with the information (Chen et al., 2013 ; Boisvert Burton, 2011). The consumer association of the LEGO brand is high as they able to associate it with their childhoods and have a lingering nostalgia for it. (Blindell, 2015). Besides this, LEGO has a packaging design that has been made specifically for its bricks. The Tower packaging cannot be thrown away like other packages but is an essential component of it. it is durable and customisable. From the perspectives of the consumers, the packaging has improved the brand awareness and helped in building brand associations that are positive and has resulted in brand loyalty. The logo of the company that is placed in the corner is often visible clearly and the use of box during the play creates a direct association with fun and hence whenever, it is customers want to purchase new toys particularly bricks, the first thing which comes into their minds is LEGO (Esko, 2013). Competitive Position LEGO, is considered to be the undisputed king of construction toys and in the previous five years the company has managed to double its profits and most are among the top sellers especially during the holiday season. However, competition has been encouraged by the success of LEGO as well as the fact that in 2010 it lost a trademark battle related to interlocking bricks that had been going on for a long time (Beem, 2016). Larger toy makers such as Mattel, Hasbro and Spin Master have also switched over to construction toys in order to provide a boost to their sales. On the other hand smaller companies such as OYO Sports, Cobi and Bridge Direct have also made entry into this field which has increased the pressure on LEGO. Besides this, the interest that the construction toys have shown has also resulted in the development of secondary market for the brick rentals. The competitors of LEGO are trying to distinguish themselves from LEGO which is their largest rival. MEGA Brands is attempti ng to come up with something beyond rectangles and squares for competing with LEGO (Schmidt, 2015). SWOT Analysis of LEGO SWOT Analysis is the technique for gaining an understanding of strengths and weaknesses and identifying the opportunities and threats (Ommani, 2011). Strengths In 2015, LEGO was named as the most powerful brand in the world. The products of LEGO are unique which have educational features incorporated for development of key skills in the younger children. It also encourages problem solving as well as goal oriented play in children. Brand name is very strong and enjoys a reputation worldwide as the 5th largest maker of toys. Most of the customers are very loyal as well as engaged. Although the products are expensive, they are perceived to be of more value than those of the competitors. This is primarily due to their associations with powerful and beautiful memories. The product portfolio is very strong and the products are of excellent quality and of good value. The customer base is very large which has further increased with the diversification of the brand into merchandise, movies and TV and video games. Advertising and TVCs have put brand recall at the top of the minds. Weaknesses The products are being imitated which is a concerning factor. The production is costly and it is mostly present in the high cost nation and the fixed costs are high, resulting in the products being high priced. There is a lack of focus on the customers. Attention on the core product which is the LEGO brick is less. Formulation of strategy is a concern that LEGO faces. The LEGO Group has achieved success with their product lines related to e-commerce, but with the technological advances taking place in the internet domain, it is also essential that the website of the Group match up to the fast paced world of computer technology today if dominance in the toy market has to continue. Opportunities LEGO should look towards attracting the attention of more customers by diversifying into other segments also. Different exercises of branding can be conducted for getting new segments. Innovations can be implemented. Production of toys can be extended to countries with low toys. New technologies as well as trends need to be taken into consideration by the company so that new trendy toys can be introduced (Claufficious, 2015). More networks should be looked into for supplying products in an effective manner to new as well as emerging nations. Competitions can be held in schools for attracting the attention of the children to the toys of LEGO. LEGO possesses the impressive ability of transforming the latent potential in cultures which are popular through their innovative ideas. The blocks can be used for building The Death Star from the series of The Star Wars or The Tower of Orthanc from the Lord of the Rings. This connection with the popular culture is an extremely big opportunity as cooperation with these brands can help in luring young customers (Cayenne Apps, 2016). Threats LEGO faces threat from similar other companies which might be offering toys at lower costs. New competitors might also emerge due to the loss of trademark protection battle. Competition is already intense and very strong leading to a high degree of brand switching. New competitors are continuously entering the toy markets and this coupled with the expiration of the design patent of LEGO Group clearly indicates a lowering of barriers of competition in the toy market. Progress of LEGO can be hindered by new legislations. The purchasing power of the customers has been decreasing due to increasing toy rates. The number of cartoon channels has increased. Video games in shops as well as online channels have increased which can decrease the interest of the customers in the products of LEGO. The use of internet among the children has increased which leaves little time for playing with toys. Saturation in the markets have increased. Conclusion The LEGO brand is indeed the most powerful brand as it is able to evoke emotions that are very strong and which no other brand is able to do. Customers are able to associate the brand with the fond memories of their childhood. This is an asset that is possessed by the Group and which nobody can overestimate. The company was able to overcome the biggest crisis that they faced as a result of this very basic foundation and made it double its profits in the previous five years. The continuous rise in profits still continues but times are changing and it is important that the company also changes in accordance with the time and seek the opportunities available to it with the help of the following recommendations. The above SWOT analysis is an indication that several strengths are possessed by LEGO but it also has its share of weaknesses. It also shows that although opportunities exist for the Group, threats are not far away. Thus, the details that have been presented above indicate that LEGO needs to formulate a corporate strategy, use products that have uniqueness, be recognised for offering the best quality of products, focus on satisfying the customers but should also focus on its core value which is the LEGO brick. At the same time, in order to optimise costs as well as production, the Group needs to outsource and invest the production to the lower cost nations such as China. The prices of the products are driven by a small product selection and are high relatively. In the developed nations such as Australia and the United Kingdom this is not problematic as the parents have the capacity of spending high amounts in purchasing toys for their children but the prices of the LEGO products are too high for the parents in the developing nations and they are not able to afford it. Thus, even though the market is very promising in the developing and emerging nations, parents are unable to afford the products. For addressing the external competition that arises due to increase in the competition in the toy industry, more efforts have to be concentrated by LEGO for the creation of products that are innovative and which are able to match the changes in the demand of the customers. A majority of the customers of LEGO are in the children belonging to the age group of 5 to 12 years. This is the market that is large and comes with a large potential but it is also a market that is finite. As the customers become older, they start to lose their interest in the LEGO products. However, this interest again increases when these children become grown up and become parents themselves. This gap that exists between the children belonging to the small age group and the grown-up parents can be easily noticed and is currently being filled by the industry of video games. LEGO needs to come out with innovative products for filling this gap and products that can keep the customers engaged so that they are not d istracted by online as well as video games. References Baek, T., Kim, J., Yu, J. (2010). The differential roles of brand credibility and brand prestige in consumer brand choice. Psychological Marketing , 662-678. Beem, R. (2016, January 28). Billion Dollar Lego Patent. Retrieved September 12, 2016, from Beem on Patents: https://www.beemonpatents.com/2016/01/billion-dollar-lego-patent/ Blindell, S. (2015). How to build a brand. Retrieved September 12, 2016, from https://howtobuildabrand.org/branding/lego-lesson-powerful-brand/ Boisvert, J., Burton, S. (2011). Towards a better understanding of factors affecting transfer of brand associations. Journal of Consumer Market , 57-66. Brand Finance. (2016). Lego Overtakes Ferrari as the Worlds Most Powerful Brand. Retrieved September 12, 2016, from https://brandfinance.com/news/press-releases/lego-overtakes-ferrari-as-the-worlds-most-powerful-brand/ Cayenne Apps. (2016, September 11). LEGO Group SWOT Analysis. Retrieved September 12, 2016, from Cayenne Apps: https://blog.cayenneapps.com/2015/05/27/lego-group-swot-analysis/ Chen, T.-Y., Yeh, T.-L., Jheng, W.-s. (2013). Factors influencing brand association. African Journal of Business Management , 1914-1926. Claufficious. (2015).Lego's Outsourcing Swot Analysis - Business Strategy Case Study Part 2. Retrieved September 12, 2016, from Claufficious: https://www.claufficious.com/2015/06/legos-outsourcing-swot-analysis.html Dill, K. (2015, February 19). Lego Tops Global Ranking Of The Most Powerful Brands In 2015. Forbes . Esko. (2013). Packaging Innovation: Fun Packaging Ideas that Create Positive Brand Associations. Retrieved September 12, 2016, from https://www.packaginginnovation.com/brand-equity/fun-packaging-ideas-that-create-positive-brand-associations/ Kolowich, L. (2015). Building a Playful Brand, Brick by Brick: The History of Lego Marketing. Retrieved September 12, 2016, from https://blog.hubspot.com/agency/history-lego-marketing#sm.00001jp5ygir9odwlxgoikikqvorq Nicholas, I. (2003). Beyond Branding How the new values of transparency and integrity are changing the world of brands. Ommani, A. (2011). Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) analysis for farming system businesses management: Case of wheat farmers of Shadervan District, Shoushtar Township, Iran . African Journal of Business Management , 9448-9454. Schmidt, G. (2015, November 20). Legos Success Leads to Competitors and Spinoffs. The New York Times: Business Day . Solomon, M. (2006). Consumer Behaviour; A European Perspective.

Tuesday, April 14, 2020

World War 2 Consequences

Causes of World War 2 The World War 2 began in 1939. This is when France and Britain declared war on Germany. This occurred when Germany invaded Poland and therefore, this is what triggered the outbreak of war. However, the causes of the war are more complex.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on World War 2 Consequences specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The major causes of this Great War were the unresolved issues that resulted from the World War 1. Another reason was due to the effects of the Great Depression. This occurred in the 1930s. Another reason is the interwar period in Europe. Several events accumulated and led to the outbreak of the war. One of the events that contributed to the series of events includes the invasion that occurred in Poland in 1939. Soviet Russia and Germany were responsible for this invasion. Another event that had a great effect was the invasion into Republic of China. The Empire of Japan was responsible for this and this occurred in 1937. Several European powers such as the United Kingdom, Russia and France expanded their territories using force and aggression. This is a process that was referred to as expansionism or imperialism. Germany and Italy were not as successful as the other nations when it came to gaining territory under colonial rule. When Germany lost land to the other nations, it led to their relocation. This cause the Germans to get bitter and this interfered with their relations with their neighbors. This contributed to the feeling of revanchism. Under Nazism, Germany started a program that would lead to the restoration of the country’s rightful boundaries. These were the boundaries that were in place before World War 1. This lead Rhineland to reoccupied. When Hitler saw the success of this action, he believed that he could further invade Russia and Poland without causing any major war. Another leading cause is the failure of appeasement. The a ctions by Germany were thought to be reasonable since they thought that Germany had the right to re-arm herself in order to be ready to defend itself.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Therefore, the Munich Agreement was signed. This was between Germany, Italy, Britain and France. Czech was not invited and this made them feel betrayed. However, Hitler went ahead to break the terms and conditions of the Munich Agreement. He invaded the rest of Czechoslovakia. It was evident that the policy of appeasement had failed. Another thing that led to the World War 2 was the failure of the League of Nations. The reason why the U.S. was involved in the war The United States had remained neutral in the war but they were provoked into it. This was when the Japanese bombed the U.S. Naval Base at Pearl Harbor. This made the Japanese official enemies of the United States. The Japanese later bombed the U.S . fleet in the Philippines. This then agitated U.S., which decided to declare war on the Japanese. A few days later, Hitler decided to declare war against the United States. This led the U.S. to respond with fire. This then led to the full involvement of the United States in World War 2. FDR also wanted the United States to be involved in the war. He made public statements about Germany’s attacks. The Germans had made three separate attacks on U.S. vessels that had carried civilians. The U.S. pressured the Japanese with embargoes and caused their economic fall. It was after that when Hitler did what has been referred to as the ‘greatest military blunder in history’. This was when he declared war against the United States. He also wanted the Japanese to attack Russia on the eastern side. However, this did not happen. Since the Japanese were not involved, Germany had to fight on both sides and this is the main reason why Germany did not succeed. Hitler tried to hel p the Japanese because he was not aware how badly off they were. He believed that Japan had an army that had not seen defeat for more than a century.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on World War 2 Consequences specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Since the Japanese were misguided, they made a mistake of attacking Pearl Harbor. This gave the Americans an incentive. The reason why Japan attacked Pearl Harbor dates back to the time when the U.S. banned any form of trade with the Japanese. This was because the Japanese had been aggressive towards the Chinese. As the U.S. embarked fully in the war, it ended up spending 42 billion dollars towards the war. Why the allies in Europe and the Pacific won The allies included the U.K., U.S., France, Soviet Union, Republic of China and Poland. The emperor of Japan had underestimated the abilities of the U.S. to make war in the Pacific. However, the Japanese army did not have suffici ent resources to go ahead with the war. The British, on the other hand, pushed the Japanese killing all those who appeared on their path. As a result, almost a half a million of them were killed. The U.S. also continued to capture the islands and drew closer to the Japanese territory. China, Russia and Britain then liberated the portions of China that had been occupied by the Japanese. The attempts of the Italians and Germans to greedily capture and expand their empires were not successful. This was because they had bad strategy and morale. The Russians came in from the east and killed more than half of all the German soldiers. This led the allies to land in Normandy and they liberated France. Consequences of the war World War 2 had diverse effects throughout the world. The consequences included both positive and negative effects. Firstly, millions of lives were lost as a result of the war. Millions more were left homeless. Another consequence was the division of Germany. It was div ided into four and each was governed by the allied powers. These included the United Kingdom, United Nations, Soviet Union and France. These were the direct effects.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More However, there were indirect effects and consequences of the war. One of the direct effects was that the war acted as a catalyst for various local, regional and global phenomena. This included the redrawing of the borders of Europe. U.K.’s welfare state was also born as a result of the war. Another result of the war was the creation of Israel. Various organizations also rooted as a result of the world war. Such organizations include the World Bank, the United Nations, World Trade Organization and the International Monetary Fund. The war also led to the emergence of new technologies. One of such technologies was nuclear fission. This was necessary for the nations to produce nuclear weapons in order to protect themselves from future attacks. Another technology was the invention of the jet engine and electronic computer. This essay on World War 2 Consequences was written and submitted by user Marcos E. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Thursday, March 12, 2020

The battle of Midway essays

The battle of Midway essays I am doing a report on the disease Diphtheria. The definition of the disease is a bacterial disease that affects the throat and can cause serious or fatal complications. It is a serious disease caused by the bacterium. There is a lot of history on this disease. In the late 1800s diphtheria came across western Europe and the United States, it killed thousands of children. The diphtheria characterized by infection is more contagious than the disease characterized by respiratory infection. Diphtheria is a disease of the respiratory system. It causes membranes to grow on the inner throat. Sometimes the membranes release a toxin into the bloodstream(which is poisonous). The membranes clog the air passages then you can hardly breath, most of the time you will die. You should have complete bedrest for two to three weeks. Then a man named Bela Schick came over the Schick test. He discovered that the disease was only to be found in humans. It may sometimes enter and effect the skin. This disease is now rare in most of the world. That is most of the history There are many symptoms that can aware you that you have the disease. You should notice the first symptoms during the first through seventh days after you get it. Some of the first symptoms you sill get are fatigue, a low-grade fever, and a sore throat. Next you will also notice swelling to the neck. Some other symptoms are painful swallowing, nausea and vomiting, chills, bloody, watery drainage from nose, scabbing of nostrils and upper lip, bluish coloration of skin, fever, headache, breathing difficulty, croup-like cough, hoarseness, stridor, drooling, and rapid breathing. Those are most of the symptoms of There are many treatments for Diphtheria. As soon as the disease is suspected diphtheria antitoxin is given as an intramuscular injection. The Disease is treated with ...

Monday, February 24, 2020

Current Ethical Issues in Managerial Accounting Report Research Paper

Current Ethical Issues in Managerial Accounting Report - Research Paper Example The ethical issues might generate from these activities or functions which perform by the managerial accountants in an organization. The various ethical issues which are currently prevailing in management accounting reports are related to overproduction, cost allocation, replacement of assets and conflicting interests amid the stakeholders (Taicu, n.d.). This paper intends to identify a particular ethical issue that is currently being debated. Moreover, a detailed analysis of the identified ethical issue, recognition of the relevant stakeholders and suitable recommendations as well as rationale to mitigate with the ethical issues will also be depicted in this paper. A Brief Overview of the Recent Ethical Issue A recent ethical issue has been observed in an organization named UBS, a global business firm which offers different financial services to the customers in over 50 nations. It has been viewed that the organization faced substantial financial loss of nearly UK$ 2.3 billion in th e year 2011 due to the involvement of certain ethical issues. The ethical issues which were involved in this case were regarding false accounting and fraudulent activity of misinterpretation of the financial statements which can be related to the process of managerial accounting. In relation to this case, the former trader of UBS named Kweku Adoboli was alleged for the conduct of such ethical issues. False accounting can be considered as one of the major ethical issues as it occurs when the assets or liabilities of an organization are overstated for the motive of making the financial position of the business more stronger. The ethical issue of false accounting generally occurs due to various reasons like hiding losses, inflating the share prices, reporting unrealistic profits and obtaining additional financing from banks. The ethical issue of false accounting was majorly involved with the case of UBS. The former trader of the company i.e. Kweku Adoboli may perform the ethical issue of false accounting by adopting any one of the aforementioned unethical practices. Consequently, the former trader was arrested due to the conduct of unethical practices in terms of false accounting and fraudulent activity of misinterpretation of the financial statements (Shirbon, 2012). Identification of the Relevant Stakeholders The stakeholders are regarded as individuals or groups upon whom an organization depends for its success. They invest significant amounts of money into an organization and anticipate attaining greater financial return. With regard to the ethical issues, it has been apparently observed that the organization suffered huge financial loss of nearly UK$ 2.3 billion in the year due to the prevalence of significant moral issues. The ethical issues include false accounting practices and fraudulent acts of misinterpretation of financial statements. The relevant stakeholders who were involved with the ethical practices are the company itself and the former trader of UBS named Kweku Adoboli. The potential reason of this stakeholder i.e. Kweku Adoboli to conduct the ethical practice of false accounting was to strengthen his financial position and also to attain significant earnings (Shirbon, 2012). Recommendations and Rationale After acquiring a brief idea about the ethical pract

Saturday, February 8, 2020

The globalization essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The globalization - Essay Example Also the period of recession, economical development/ advancement have has a major impact on the families of the two country. Owing to the globalization, the families in the two countries have started to come a lot closer with Indians adopting the pub culture from West and Americans shifting to meditation and Yoga, generally considered a heritage of India. Still, there is some difference in the two families owing to the long held cultural values by the residents as well as because of the economical strata of the two countries. Although the concept of consanguinity originally referred to relations by "blood," some anthropologists have argued that one must understand the notion of "blood" metaphorically, and that many societies understand 'family' through other concepts rather than through genetic distance. A group of family constitutes a society. A society is generally responsible for determining the behavior pattern for the families. The cultural ethoses are perpetuated from society to future generations via the head of the family. The primary responsibility of every family is to work for the betterment of society as a whole. From the perspective of children, the family is a family of orientation: the family serves to locate children socially, and plays a major role in their enculturation and socialization. Although the above mentioned pattern is common to most of the societies, irrespective of the fact whether they are based in developed country or the developing country, but there are certain difference in terms of the cultural ethos and the behavioral pattern observed. We in our study will take example of family from a developed nation - USA and a developing nation India to mark the similarity and the difference. Developed Country- USA American Family: Belonging to a family is one bond almost everyone in the world shares, but as we have discussed family patterns vary from country to country, region to region and may even vary between various castes and creeds. The United States has many different types of families, but the traditional structure of a typical American family, a nuclear family, is still persistent for a very long time now. Yet, over a span of few years, American society has witnessed an evolution in family structure and daily life in many respects, because of various different factors, emerging from a huge development in the field of science and technology. But as said by wise people, there are no free lunches, this advancement in science and technology has lead to a greater commitment in the professional life thereby giving a jolt to work life balance and

Wednesday, January 29, 2020

Henry David Thoreau Essay Example for Free

Henry David Thoreau Essay Henry David Thoreau (1817 – 1862) was an American writer and philosopher famous for his naturalistic and anarchical ideas as well as his adherence to the movement of transcendentalism. Thoreau was a vegetarian, actively stood against slavery and war, and was one of the first who supported Darwin’s theory of evolution. Among his many works, the best known are his essay, Civil Disobedience, a proclamation against injustice and an urge for individual opposition to civil government, and the book ‘Walden’, where Thoreau’s reflects his personal experience of living simple life in natural environment. Although these works, like many others of Thoreau, are considered ‘transcendental’ and had been published ages ago, the ideas and concepts they contain may still at some point be related to the issues we may face while living in the 21st century. In general, the core of transcendental beliefs is a faith into a perfect spiritual state of mind that transcends both empirical and physical. It can only be realized through the person’s intuition, not through the doctrines of any existing religions. Therefore, it is rather a philosophy then a religion. The transcendentalism was grounded on principles that are ‘transcendental’, i. e.  based not upon sensual experiences but upon inner feelings and empirical, spiritual essence of a human. (En. wikipedia. org) American transcendentalism was mainly dominating in the first half of the 19th century, encouraging to abandon our mundane world, establish close relationship between human and nature, and to concentrate on ideal existence through spiritual abundance and self-reliance. Henry David Thoreau was admitted as a co-founder of this movement not only for his great thoughts on transcendentalism, but also for his empirical ideas and personal practice of his beliefs, which was greatly illustrated in his most famous book, ‘Walden’. The book firstly released as ‘Walden, or Life in the Woods’ (1854) was later widely recognized as one of the best non-fictional works of American authors. Living amidst woodland that belonged to R. W. Emerson, his friend and another founder of transcendentalism, near Concord, Massachusetts, in the small unpretentious self-built cabin, Thoreau mainly aimed to isolation from society for its better, more objective understanding. He stayed there alone for almost two years but kept receiving and returning visits. For example, he often went to Emerson’s hÐ ¾use for meÐ °l and conversÐ °tion. Moreover, as he indicates in the book, the cabin was located ‘at the edge of town’, not in the wilderness, even not far away from his family home. Therefore, he focuses reader’s attention on the importance of human’s closeness to the nature, self-reliance and meditation. The book combines Thoreau’s autobiography with a criticism of society, namely American consumerism, materialism, and nature destruction, the issues still common in our century as well. Such experiment of cut-off living was made by Thoreau for special purposes. First, he tried to escape the negative effects of the Industrial Revolution through keeping agrarian lifestyle. Interesting fact, the experiment was of a temporary character, and in the book Thoreau strongly advises his readers to avoid repeating it. Thus, anyone who studies Thoreau’s works has to keep in mind that at some degree they should be approached philosophically rather than understood literally. Second, the writer wanted to practically experience the main transcendental belief that every individual can transcend from normal to divine by means of nature itself. Like other members of the movement, in the ‘Walden’ Thoreau, for example, speaks about Vedic concepts to illustrate his vision of the nature. â€Å"I lay down the book and go to my well for water, and lo! There I meet the servant of Brahmin, priest of Brahma, and Vishnu, and Indra, who still sits in his temple of the Ganges reading the Vedas, or dwells at the root of a tree with his crust and water-jug. I meet his servant come to draw water for his master, and our buckets as it were grate together in the same well. The pure Walden water is mingled with the sacred water of the Ganges. (Thoreau 221) At some point, Thoreau’s attempts to promote the ideals of transcendentalism may seem to be impractical and rather inapplicable. In fact, after an in-depth analysis, Thoreau’s ideals may even look infeasible, namely his appeals to ascetic way of living and refusal of common human needs. In the scope of critical thinking, impossibility to follow the idea of living without any blessings of civilization is rather obvious. The average American who lives in the 21st century can hardly imagine him- or herself without Internet connection, using cell-phones, driving cars, or going to supermarkets. Nevertheless, it is possible at certain degree. Moreover, due to global ecology problems, it even may become necessary for each of us to refuse some advantages of our daily welfare for the great purpose of saving the world from environmental catastrophe. For this reason ‘Walden’, as well as many other Thoreau’s works, is frequently quoted by specialists who work in various fields and are concerned with the environmental problems of the Earth in general and in the USA in particular. While the whole issue of bad ecology becomes more and more crucial, Thoreau’s idea of simple life in the forest turns out to be not as unsuitable as it seemed at first glance. It is important to mention that Thoreau’s works on natural history is a great anticipation of findings and methods in the fields of ecology and the history of environment, which later became main sources of nowadays movement of environmentalism. In the book ‘Earth Rising: American Environmentalism in the 21st Century’ we read that â€Å"some 150 years ago, transcendentalist Henry David Thoreau, sitting in his tiny cabin on Walden Pond in Concord, Massachusetts, was already mourning the loss of the wilderness and the debilitating effect of industrialism on the human spirit†. (Shabecoff 16) Thoreau significant influence onto the entire concept of nature preservation and conservation is unquestionable. â€Å"In the United States†¦ the movement expanded in the 1800s, out of concerns for protecting the natural resources of the West, with individuals such as John Muir and Henry David Thoreau making key philosophical contributions. Thoreau was interested in people’s relationship with nature and studied this by living close to nature in a simple life. He published his experiences in the book ‘Walden’, which argues that people should become intimately close with nature. The conservationist principles as well as the belief in an inherent right of nature were to become the bedrock of modern environmentalism†. The conservation movement is a political, social and scientific movement that aims to protect natural resources, including plant and animal species as well as their habitat for the future. Chiefly in the United States, conservation is seen as differing from environmentalism in that it seeks to preserve natural resources expressly for their continued sustainable use by humans. In other parts of the world conservation is used more broadly to include the setting aside of natural areas and the active protection of wildlife for their inherent value. (En. wikipedia. org) Because of Thoreau and his associates humanity became truly concerned about the nature, the world we live in. He can definitely be called a pioneer ecologist. Numerous contemporary movements and organizations prove the actuality of environment problem and therefore significance of all Thoreau’s works related to nature preservation. For example, his vision of the environmental issues in the 19th century became a ground for the book ‘From Walden to Wall Street: Frontiers of Conservation Finance’ written in the current times. â€Å"Why do we invest in conservation? Why do human beings invest their time, energy and financial resources in protection of land, plants, and animals? We invest in conservation because it is an expression of our faith in the future. Conservation investment is an expression of our faith in the future of natural systems that are essential to life on Earth. It is an expression of our faith in the future of deeply loved natural wonders. And it is an expression of faith in the future of our families and communities whose lives will be immeasurably enriched by the living world that we are striving to sustain†. (Levitt 3) Here is one more evidence on how outstanding were the Thoreau’s works and what a great impact they made and still do. In ‘Walden’ he included a famous aphorism that â€Å"in wilderness is the preservation of the world†. Thoreau kindled the Wilderness Religion that found fertile ground in America and provided a spiritual basis for conservation. In ‘The Main Woods’ (1864) Thoreau called for the establishment of national forest preserves, helping to set the stage for the National Park movement. (Encyclopedia of Religion and Nature 6) Despite of the fact that Walden is considered by some critics a failed experiment, the issues raised in the book are still of current importance. As 21st-century people, for instance, we suffer of consumerism and globalization, with their negative ethical aspects. Thoreau’s prophetic awareness of them is amazing, they are as relevant now, as they used to be in his century. He rejects consumerism, its adverse effect on society with its status stratification, and still teaches us lessons vital for our survival and progress. Another kind of ideas Thoreau often promoted in his works are related to anarchism and civil disobedience. Thus, let us shift our attention to this theme of Thoreau’s writings and discuss how those fit in the American viewpoint of the 21st century. In his disobedience to the American low of his times he was as prominent as in his attempts to bring humanity closer to the nature. He certainly was a key figure in the American radicalism. Disobedience was the main point in his endeavors to justifÃ'Æ' morÐ °l anÐ °rchism and to encourage each individual to act on the basis of their personal judgments, their personal opinion about the very justice rather than civil regulations. Unfortunately, Thoreau offers nothing instead and relies of his personal sÐ µnse of justice, which is univÐ µrsal. Here is the historical background of the essay. â€Å"’Civil Disobedience’ is an analysis of the individual’s relationship to the state that focuses on why men obey governmental law even when they believe it to be unjust. But ‘Civil Disobedience’ is not an essay of abstract theory. It is Thoreau’s extremely personal response to being imprisoned for breaking the law. † Because he opposed slavery and because tax revenues contributed to the support of it, Thoreau decided to become a tax rebel. He was arrested and imprisoned. It was short as a one night but has had enduring effect through the writing of ‘Civil Disobedience’ which has exerted its powerful force over time. (McElroy 2) In accordance with Thoreau’s ideals, the government of his days was far from perfection due to Mexican-American war and slavery expanded in the US. Therefore, the essay was written as anti-slavery and anti-war protest soon after the war’s beginning. Thoreau later wrote about governmental justice. â€Å"If it is of such a nature that requires you to be the agent of injustice to another, then, I say, break the law. Let your life be a counter friction to stop he machine†¦ Under a government which imprisons any unjustly, the true place for a just man is also prison†. (Thoreau 259) In the essay the author urges American citizens to show their disagreement to government by passive disobedience without acts of violence. Such form of protest was later used by Mahatma Gandhi and Martin Luther King who initiated movements for social changes. Thoreau was emphasizing the importance of acting upon the person’s ethical and moral beliefs. According to Thoreau, â€Å"unjust law exists: shall we be content to obey them, or shall we endeavor to amend them, and obey them until we have succeeded, or shall we transgress them at once? † This urge to disobedience is in tune with the message of ‘Walden’. Those who are not satisfied with the society should not obey its norms, and neither wait until the norms are changed, nor until the majority joins them, but live according to their own believes. Personal values should be compared to the ones of the contemporary society, and unless they comply, stick the voice of conscience. Thoreau also said that â€Å"it costs me less in every sense to incur the penalty of disobedience to the state, than it would to obey. I should feel as if I were worth less in that case. † (Thoreau 258) In fact, many of the issues pinpointed by Thoreau 150 years ago have not yet been overcome by the American society, and that strikes the most. He hated its slavish materialism as well as commercialism and believed that â€Å"the state should never rank above the individual conscience or the business of living. But if the state demands a person’s first allegiance by asking him to violate his conscience and participate in an injustice, the person should disobey – not through violence but by removing his cooperation. † (McElroy 3) Thoreau foresaw many issues typical to the modern American society. Over 150 years ago he predicted the crisis, spiritual and moral, that now corrodes it. The writer still begs us to slow down our hectic lives, to review our values, and to live in harmony with our consciences. He repeatedly talks about the possibility to establish a society where the justice is appreciated and the beauty of the nature is preserved.

Tuesday, January 21, 2020

You are My Life :: Love Letters Dating Email Relationships

Dear Julie, It's fair to say that the past couple of weeks have been somber and gloomy for me. I have been living in the dark, as though a big black cloud has engulfed me. I have felt like there has been something missing from my heart, and although I wasn't sure what it was, I now realize it was the part I gave to you. Julie, you have been the missing part of my heart! Now, slowly, it's as though that piece is being put back into place and I'm starting to see a glimmer of light, just as though someone, somewhere has turned on a light and it's starting to flicker alive. It's hard for me to explain what this feeling is, all I can say is that when I've been with you lately, the movie I'm watching seems better, the music I'm listening to sounds more alive, even things like doing the dishes is more fun when you're with me. Everything I've ever done in my life has been better, brighter, and more exciting when I've been able to share it with you. I want you to know that the most important thing in my life is you. Nothing compares to holding you in my arms. I would never want you to not know the way I feel about you. I love you and I'm sure you must realize that, but for me, that is no longer enough now. I want you to really know how much I love you. I so dearly need the comfort and the security of knowing that whenever I say, I love you, you're going to say the same words. I wish that sometimes you would say them before I do and make me believe you mean them so much. I've feel so lucky that you've decided to share your life with me, and there's nothing, I wouldn't do to make you happy. I want you to want me. Just like I want you. There's no price you can put on love. I know you can't make love come back to the way it was: I know it'll come back, if, and when it's ready. I just want you to know that for every ounce of love you give to me, I will give it back to you a thousand times more. I worship and adore you and no one could ever compete with the beauty I see when you stand before me.

Monday, January 13, 2020

World War Two and the B-24 Bomber

Several aircraft from the World War Two era have achieved iconic status. The F4U Corsair, TBM Avenger and the B-17 and B-29 Super fortresses are all legendary in their service for the Allied cause. There is another such aircraft that never achieved the fame of those mentioned but was critical to the Allies war effort none the less. The Consolidated B-24 Liberator was the work horse of the Allied fleet. Its entrance into the war came at a critical and vulnerable time for Allied survival in Europe. After proving its effectiveness in early missions the B-24 would go on to be used in all theatres of the conflict.It was the most numerous, most versatile and possibly the most effective Allied plane of World War Two. The Design Stage The B-24 bomber was designed as part of the strategic bombing plans drawn up by the Allies in the 1930s. Built by Consolidated Aircraft of Ypsilanti, Michigan, the bomber took its first flight in late December of 1939. Consolidated was a subsidiary of the Ford Motor Company, an icon of American business. The Ford factory was able to produce more than four hundred B-24s per month. By 1941 the plane would enter wartime service. High demand in 1942-43 prompted Consolidated to expand its production facilities.The San Diego plant was increased to three times its original size. A new plant was built in Fort Worth, Texas. The flagship plant was built in Willow Run, Michigan in 1942. At the time this plant was the largest industrial plant of any kind in the United States. In the process thousands of Americans were put to work. The vastness of the Willow Run Plant made for some interesting accommodations. At a certain point in the assembly line the planes would be mechanically turned at a right angle. The purpose was to avoid having the planes crossing into a neighboring county where taxes were higher.Consolidated had received the contract to produce the B-17 bomber only one year earlier in 1938. After examining the capabilities of the B-17, the A rmy requested a faster and higher flying plane. The updated plans would result in the building of the B-24 Liberator. Designed as a strategic heavy bomber the airplane was affectionately referred to as the â€Å"Lumbering Lib† by the RAF pilots who used it to patrol the Atlantic. 2 â€Å"Liberator† would then be incorporated officially as part of the aircraft’s name. The plane almost immediately went into heavy production. A mainstay of the Army andNavy air forces, it was also used by the RAF (Royal Air Force) and the RCAF (Royal Canadian Air Force). The plane cost about $300,000 to build. By wars end over 19,000 B-24s had been built 3. This exceeds the total of any other Allied aircraft. 1. Philip Makanna. 1995. Ghosts in the Skies: Aviation of the Second World War. (San Francisco: Chronicle Books), p. 156. 2. Philip Makanna. 1995. Ghosts in the Skies: Aviation of the Second World War. (San Francisco: Chronicle Books), p. 157. 3. Bill Gunston. 2000. History of Military Aviation. (London: Hamlyn Pub. ), p. 93.Bomber design was still in its infancy and the B-24 did have some problems. It was prone to fire due to the placement of its fuel tanks. The only way to enter or exit the plane was through the bomb bay, a difficult proposition in a crisis situation. It was also somewhat cumbersome to fly. The plane’s designers had to make these tradeoffs in order to maximize the performance and the long range capability of the aircraft. The plane was also somewhat vulnerable to enemy fire, given its relatively lightweight construction. The high altitude capability of the plane helped minimize this threat.There were a substantial number of orders for the plane even while it was still only a prototype. In addition to the three dozen ordered by the Army, the French and British had each ordered more than three times that number. The French order was cut short by the German invasion in 1940. The British received their order and immediately put the p lanes to use on critical missions. Introduction to the War Ultimately, the B-24 would serve a wide ranging role in all corners of the conflict. It would be used to â€Å"equip 45 groups all over the world† 4. The initial role for the B-24 was to conduct deep ocean patrols.The British were in dire need of a long range patrol aircraft, Prior to the arrival of B-24s in the Atlantic, German U-boats were wreaking havoc on Allied shipping. British reconnaissance activities had a limited range. The arrival of the B-24 allowed the Royal Air Force to patrol much farther out into the ocean. As a result the U-boats were driven back into areas where they could be more easily targeted. The ultimate result was impressive – â€Å"The arrival of radar-equipped RAF B-24s in _____________________________________________________________________ 4. Bill Gunston. 2000. History of Military Aviation.(London: Hamlyn Pub. ), p. 93. Ireland†¦temporarily ended sinkings in the mid-Atlanticà ¢â‚¬  5. In 1942 the British began to use the B-24 in long-range bombing missions in the Middle East. Up to this time the plane had primarily served in recon and transport functions. American entry in to the war also led to a buildup of forces in England. Had the RAF Atlantic patrols not been effective; it is likely that the buildup would have taken much longer and Britain may have been lost. â€Å"The Mighty Eighth† was among the early American air groups transferred to Britain 6. The eighth brought with them numerous B-17s and B-24s.As the British and American forces continued to gain their footing, their mission would gradually evolve from the Atlantic patrols to the long range bombing missions over Germany. In the early years of the war radar equipped B-24s proved more than a match for the German U-boat menace. The RAF was able to drive the U-boats out of the middle Atlantic, at least for a while. The Germans would make modifications to U-boat strategy to counter the eff ects of the B-24s, but safe passage for shipping at this vital stage would play an important role in stemming the German tide.The British were able to gain their footing and the Americans were able to get a foothold in Europe. By defeating u-boats, the allies established control of the Atlantic, Saved Britain and made possible the invasion of Nazi-occupied Europe. 7 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. Charles Gross. 2002. American Military Aviation: The Indispensable Arm. (College Station, TX: Texas A&M University Press), p. 106. 6. Bill Gunston. 2000. History of Military Aviation. (London: Hamlyn Pub. ), p. 93. 7. Charles Gross. 2002.American Military Aviation: The Indispensable Arm. (College Station, TX: Texas A&M University Press), p. 207. The plane would also become a key asset in the Pacific theater. With the B-29 still in development, U. S. forces needed a long-range bomber to cover the vast distances of th e Pacific Ocean. As additional bombers came on-line, the B-24 proved especially amenable to modification for different purposes. In that sense â€Å"It was altogether more versatile† than the B-17 and B-29 8. In the Pacific, the B-24 was considered the â€Å"standard† heavy bomber. Range was a primary asset of the B-24.Its ability to complete 2,000 mile missions without refueling made it possible to conduct missions far out at sea or over hostile territory. The plane could carry over 8,000 pounds of bombs. For defensive purposes, it was armed with ten . 50 caliber machine guns. The B-24 had been among the early generation of long-range bombers developed in between World Wars one and two. Even so, the aircraft boasted many new innovations and capabilities. Its design also allowed for great flexibility of use. Some B-24s were modified for use in reconnaissance missions. Their high altitude capabilities added to their effectiveness in this role.The B-24s engines also had the power for the plane to be used in transport of materials and personnel. A few were used as fuel tankers. The B-24 was even used as a VIP transport plane. The Prime Minister of Britain, Winston Churchill, used one as his personal transport plane. Turbo supercharged engines were first added to the XB-24B model along with body armor and self sealing tanks. Power driven turrets and additional nose guns were added to the 24C. The development of the Norden bombsight enabled the B-24 to drop its bombs accurately from a vertical distance of up to five miles.All in all the B-24 8. Christopher Chant. 1992. The Military History of the United States (Vol. 9). (New York: Marshall Cavendish), p. 91. Liberator was a fearsome weapon of war. The Liberator: †¦had the defensive firepower and high altitude performance to fight their way through screens of Axis fighters and then deliver their bombs with pinpoint accuracy. 9 The B-24H produced in 1943 was an even more formidable weapon. This ver sion had a power-operated gun turret in the nose of the aircraft. It also had an auto pilot system and a refueling system.An improved version of the Norden bombsight provided even better bomb accuracy. Analysis and Conclusion The B-24 Liberator filled a critical gap in the offensive and defensive capabilities of the Allied air forces. It was heavily relied upon throughout the war. In the early part of the war it provided a vital strike capability against the German U-boats in the Atlantic. The B-24 also proved itself in peace time. It was used well into the 1950s by the Coast Guard for rescue and weather recon missions. Near the end of the war and half a world away a B-24 launched the first radar guided air to ground missile in 1945.At the beginning of the war long-range bombing formation tactics were still in their infancy. Losses for the B-17 and the B-24 were high. As the war continued, tactics improved and the B-24 in particular became more effective. The B-24 was flexible enoug h to be used in all theaters of the war. Not only was it a constant presence in Europe and the Pacific; it also performed well in Africa, India and the Middle East. The Liberator ultimately made its name in the Battle of the Atlantic. The â€Å"Atlantic ________________________________________________________________________ 9. Christopher Chant. 1992.The Military History of the United States (Vol. 9). (New York: Marshall Cavendish), p. 126. Gap† was an area of the ocean where German submarines had previously operated with impunity. This threatened to cut of England from critical military and humanitarian supplies. The B-24 was the first aircraft with the range to effectively patrol the gap. For this reason it has been credited by some with saving Britain. It is possible that without them, attrition could have weakened Britain to the point where they were vulnerable to invasion. The redesigns of the B-24 were both effective and creative.Many of the ideas for these modificatio ns came from soldiers in the field. In one example, soldiers used a damaged B-24 to design a transport plane. Back in the United States, Consolidated put their ideas into mass production. The B-24 was rugged, innovative and flexible. It might be argued that its greatest effect on the war came from the sheer number of planes produced. More B-24s flew in the war than any other plane. The Ford Motor company was the unquestioned master of mass production. It had an unrivaled ability to produce huge numbers of machines very quickly.It is this type of industrial might that eventually overwhelmed the Axis powers. The B-24 Liberator was symbolic of that power. Notes 1. Philip Makanna. 1995. Ghosts in the Skies: Aviation of the Second World War. (San Francisco: Chronicle Books), p. 156. 2. Philip Makanna. 1995. Ghosts in the Skies: Aviation of the Second World War. (San Francisco: Chronicle Books), p. 157. 3. Bill Gunston. 2000. History of Military Aviation. (London: Hamlyn Pub. ), p. 93. 4. Bill Gunston. 2000. History of Military Aviation. (London: Hamlyn Pub. ), p. 93. 5. Charles Gross. 2002.American Military Aviation: The Indispensable Arm. (College Station, TX: Texas A&M University Press), p. 106. 6. Bill Gunston. 2000. History of Military Aviation. (London: Hamlyn Pub. ), p. 93. 7. Charles Gross. 2002. American Military Aviation: The Indispensable Arm. (College Station, TX: Texas A&M University Press), p. 207. 8. Christopher Chant. 1992. The Military History of the United States (Vol. 9). (New York: Marshall Cavendish), p. 91. 9. Christopher Chant. 1992. The Military History of the United States (Vol. 9). (New York: Marshall Cavendish), p. 126.

Sunday, January 5, 2020

The Narrative Of The Closet By Nina Revoyr - 1845 Words

In her novel Southland, author Nina Revoyr creates narrative arcs for a multitude of characters that occur in multiple separate timelines. These arcs have recurring themes focused on race relations and sexuality as major civilian protests and campaigns for human rights unfold in the greater Los Angeles area. Revoyr explores Los Angeles’s residentially segregated neighborhoods throughout different time periods and examines interracial alliances and more personal interracial relationships. Jackie, the primary character of the novel, is a Japanese American, semi-closeted lesbian. Her narrative emphasizes acceptance of personal identity and family history, as she discovers more about her recently-deceased grandfather, whose perspective also†¦show more content†¦Sharp that established that anti-miscegenation laws were â€Å"unconstitutional† and that â€Å"marriage is thus something more than a civil contract subject to regulation by the state; it is a fundamental right of free men† (Perez v. Sharp 2). These court rulings were utilized as precedents by judges in Obergefell v. Hodges, that determined that state laws against same-sex marriage were unconstitutional (Obergefell v. Hodges 2). Therefore, there is documentation that establishes a precedent that interracial and same-sex relationships have experienced similar taboos and changes in status, and can be used as a background for understanding the parallels between Jackie and Frank’s romantic relationships. Revoyr expresses the similarly closeted nature of Jackie and Frank’s relationships in the physical and social spaces in which they exist. At the beginning of the novel, Jackie is in a committed relationship with her white girlfriend of three years, Laura. Initially in their relationship, Laura and Jackie actively hide their sexualities and their relationship from colleagues and Jackie’s family. However, they come out to select people: â€Å"Laura had told her peers about Jackie (but not her boss), after she’d started taking Jackie to parties and barbecues (but not official functions)† (Revoyr 42). Laura and Jackie’s relationship exists in limited social spheres and restricted